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Version 12

Classifying STL10 images of everyday objects using neural network, CNN, ResNets, Regularization and Data Augmentation in PyTorch

A.K.A. Training an image classifier from scratch to over 90% accuracy in less than 5 minutes on a single GPU

Part of Course project of "Deep Learning with Pytorch: Zero to GANs"

The ability to try many different neural network architectures to address a problem is what makes deep learning really powerful, especially compared to shallow learning techniques like linear regression, logistic regression etc.

In this notebook we will:

  1. Explore the STL10 dataset: https://cs.stanford.edu/~acoates/stl10/
  2. Set up a training pipeline to train a neural network on a GPU
  3. Experiment with different network architectures & hyperparameters
In [2]:
# Uncomment and run the commands below if imports fail
# !conda install numpy pandas pytorch torchvision cpuonly -c pytorch -y
# !pip install matplotlib --upgrade --quiet

Installing and Importing the required modules and classes from torch, torchvision, numpy, and matplotlib.

In [3]:
import os
import torch
import  torchvision
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torchvision.datasets import STL10
from torchvision.transforms import ToTensor
from torchvision.utils import make_grid
from torch.utils.data.dataloader import DataLoader
from torch.utils.data import random_split
%matplotlib inline
In [4]:
# Project name used for jovian.commit
project_name = '06-stl10-project'
In [5]:
from google.colab import drive
drive.mount('/content/drive')
Mounted at /content/drive

Exploring the STL10 dataset

We download the data and create a PyTorch dataset using the STL10 class from torchvision.datasets.

In [6]:
# path to store/load data
dataset = STL10(root='/content/drive/MyDrive/data', download=True, transform=ToTensor())
test_dataset = STL10(root='/content/drive/MyDrive/data', split ='test', transform=ToTensor())
#dataset = STL10(root='data/', download=True, transform=ToTensor())
#test_dataset = STL10(root='data/', split ='test', transform=ToTensor())
Files already downloaded and verified

The No of images in the training and testing dataset List the no of output classes in the dataset

In [7]:
dataset_size = len(dataset)
train_ds = dataset
test_dataset_size = len(test_dataset)
classes = dataset.classes
dataset_size,train_ds.data.shape,test_dataset_size,dataset.classes,len(dataset.classes)
Out[7]:
(5000,
 (5000, 3, 96, 96),
 8000,
 ['airplane',
  'bird',
  'car',
  'cat',
  'deer',
  'dog',
  'horse',
  'monkey',
  'ship',
  'truck'],
 10)

The shape of an image tensor from the dataset

In [8]:
img, label = train_ds[0]
img_shape = img.shape
img_shape
Out[8]:
torch.Size([3, 96, 96])

Note that this dataset consists of 3-channel color images (RGB). Let us look at a sample image from the dataset. matplotlib expects channels to be the last dimension of the image tensors (whereas in PyTorch they are the first dimension), so we'll the .permute tensor method to shift channels to the last dimension. Let's also print the label for the image.

In [9]:
img, label = dataset[0]
plt.imshow(img.permute((1, 2, 0)))
print('Label (numeric):', label)
print('Label (textual):', classes[label])
Label (numeric): 1 Label (textual): bird
Notebook Image

The number of images belonging to each class

In [10]:
count_class = {}
for _,outs in dataset: 
    labels = classes[outs]
    if labels not in count_class:
        count_class[labels] = 0
    count_class[labels] += 1 
count_class
Out[10]:
{'airplane': 500,
 'bird': 500,
 'car': 500,
 'cat': 500,
 'deer': 500,
 'dog': 500,
 'horse': 500,
 'monkey': 500,
 'ship': 500,
 'truck': 500}

Let's save our work to Jovian, before continuing.

In [11]:
!pip install jovian --upgrade --quiet
In [12]:
import jovian
In [13]:
jovian.commit(project=project_name, environment=None)
[jovian] Detected Colab notebook... [jovian] Please enter your API key ( from https://jovian.ai/ ): API KEY: ·········· [jovian] Uploading colab notebook to Jovian... [jovian] Committed successfully! https://jovian.ai/venkatesh-vran/06-stl10-project
Out[13]:
'https://jovian.ai/venkatesh-vran/06-stl10-project'
Preparing the data for training

We'll use a validation set with 1500 images . To ensure we get the same validation set each time, we'll set PyTorch's random number generator to a seed value of 43.

In [14]:
torch.manual_seed(43)
val_size = 1500
test_size = len(test_dataset) - val_size

Let's use the random_split method to create the training & validation sets

In [15]:
test_ds, val_ds = random_split(test_dataset, [test_size, val_size])
len(test_ds), len(val_ds)
Out[15]:
(6500, 1500)

We can now create data loaders to load the data in batches.

In [16]:
batch_size=128
In [17]:
train_loader = DataLoader(train_ds, batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
val_loader = DataLoader(val_ds, batch_size*2, num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size*2, num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)

Let's visualize a batch of data using the make_grid helper function from Torchvision.

In [18]:
for images, _ in train_loader:
    print('images.shape:', images.shape)
    plt.figure(figsize=(16,8))
    plt.axis('off')
    plt.imshow(make_grid(images, nrow=16).permute((1, 2, 0)))
    break
images.shape: torch.Size([128, 3, 96, 96])